Urine-tester.



Patented Oct. 29 I90].

No. 685,538. E. A. STARZ.

URINE TESTER.

(Application filed Feb. 18, 1901.)

(No Model.)

WITNESSES A TTORNEYS In: Noam: ETERS co FHDTQLITHCL. wnsnmmou. uv c:

v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL ALFRED STARZ, OF HELENA, MONTANA.

URINE-TESTER.

@PEOIFIOATTON forming part of Letters Patent Nb. 685,538, dated October29, 1901.

Application filed February 18, 1901. Serial No. 47,763. (No model.) I

To ctZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EMIL ALFRED STARZ, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Helena, in the county of Lewis and Clarke and State ofMontana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Urine -Testers-,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to urine-testers, and has for its object to provideasimple and compact device for readily and accurately performing theusual urine tests-via, the determination of the specific gravity, thetesting for albumen, and the testing for sugar, (glucose,) bothqualitative and quantitative.

The invention will be fully described hereinafter and the features ofnovelty pointed out in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part ofthis specification,

. in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding partsin both figures.

Figure 1 isafront elevation of myimproved urine-tester, and Fig. 2 is acentral sectional elevation thereof.

The improved apparatus comprises a suitable base o, with an upright brising therefrom at one end. On this base is adapted to be supported aheating device, such as an alcohol-lamp c, or a gas-burner might beused. Rings (1 are connected with slides 61, mounted to move on theupright band adapted to be locked by screws (1 These rings support aglass tube having a wide upper portion e and a narrow lower portion 8'.The latter is made of glass capable of withstanding considerable heatand is provided on its back with a coating of white enamel and also witha strip of blue enamel e Laterally of the main tube 6 e is located acommunicating auxiliary tube f, connected at f with the upper tubeportion 6 and graduated in any suitable manner,for instance, as shown,for two cubic centimeters each subdivided into tenths. The connection ofthe auxiliary tube with the main tube is controlled by a cock g. Theupper end of the auxiliary tube is held by a loop d on the upper ringcl. Into the main tube 6 may be dipped a urinometer h of ordinaryconstruction.

The apparatus is used as follows: To determine the specific gravity, thecock g is closed, the tube'e is filled with urine toabout two-thirdsofits height, and the tube f to the top. The urinometer his then slowlyplaced to admit suflicient additional urine to cause the urinometer tofloatquietly-thatis to say, without bobbing up and down. The urinometeris graduated from one thousand to one thousand and forty-five, as usuaL.By proceeding as described the formation of bubbles is avoided and anaccurate readingis, insured.

To test the urine for albumen, the cock g should be closed and the tubef filled with urine. Concentrated nitric acid is then poured into thebottom portion 6 of the main tube, filling this portionabout one-half ortwo-thirds. Then the cock 9 is opened slowly, allowing the urine to passdrop by drop on top of the nitric acid. The presence of albumen in theurine will cause the formation of a well-defined white ring at thecontact ing surfaces of the urine and of the nitric acid, and this ringmay be clearly seen through the transparent front portion of the tube eagainst the dark background formed by the blue-enamel strip e It will beseen that the customary employment of a pipette is done away with, andthe observation of the reaction is greatly facilitated.

The qualitative test for glucose (sugar) is made as follows: The tube eis filled to about two-thirds with Haines solution, and (the cock gbeing closed) the auxiliary tube f is filled with urine. The lamp cisthen lighted to cause the solution to boil, and when boiling hascontinued for about a minute the cock 9 is opened slowly to admit theurine drop by drop on top of the testing solution. The'presence ofglucose in the urine will be revealed by the appearance of thecharacteristic reddish-yellow ring or clouding, which will be readilyobservable through the transparent front of the tube 6 against the lightcolored background formed by the white enamel on the back of said tube.

The quantitative test for glucose (sugar) is carried out in thefollowing manner: The cock 9 being closed, the tube f is filled withexactly two cubic centimeters of urine, while a like amount of Fehlingssolution is poured into the tube 6. Then the urine is admitted into theurine, and the cock 9 is then opened;

drop by drop by opening the cock g until theblue color of the solutionvanishes entirely. This can be readily determined by looking against thewhite-enamel strip on the back of the tube c. It being known how muchglucose is required to reduce the copper in a given quantity of Fehlingssolution, (0.005 glucose for one cubic centimeter of the solution,) thecontents of glucose can be readily calculated. For instance, if 0.75cubiccentimeters of urine have been used to reduce the two cubiccentimeters of Fehlings solution it follows that there were twice 0.005or 0.01 of glucose in 0.75 cubic centimeters of urine, or 1.33 per cent.of sugar. When the percentage of glucose is high, it is advisable todilute the urine in the proportion of one to two.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A urine-tester, comprising two communicating tubesone of which is provided with a downward extension, provided with alightcolored background, and a cock controlling the communication ofsaid tubes.

2. A urine-tester, comprising two communicating tubes one of which isprovided with ceases a downward extension, provided with a darkbackground, and a cock controlling the communication of said tubes.

3. A urine-tester, comprising two communicating tubes one of which isprovided with a downward extension, provided with a lightcoloredbackground and with a dark background adjacent thereto, and a cockcontrolling the communication of said tubes.

4. A urine-tester, comprising a base, an upright. connected therewith, aslide movable

